Chemical fractionation data represent the only fuel specifications listed here that are
not obtainable from ASTM methods. Chemical fractionation represents an analytical
method for distinguishing among the several modes of occurrence of the major inorganic
species. For example, it illustrates that most of the potassium is commonly bound in clays
in coals whereas at least some of the sodium occurs in modes that are more mobile and more
easily vaporize. Vaporized alkali is a leading precursor to both fouling and slagging
problems. Chemical fractionation data are also used to distinguish carbonates, sulfates,
and other chemical forms in coals. The procedures used to collect the chemical
fractionation data are discussed in the appendix. We have spent considerable time
evaluating the accuracy, repeatability, and usefulness of these data. In general, they can
be determined with a precision of ± 3 % for species that are in 5 % or more
concentration. They are subject to the same inaccuracies as the ash chemistry analysis.
They accurately reflect the qualitative behavior of coals and the fouling and slagging
behavior of the inorganic constituents in coals. This computer code represents one of the
first attempts outside of our laboratory to determine whether they quantitatively predict
the same behavior at commercial scale.
Chemical fractionation data for some of the fuels we have investigated in the MFC
appear below.
Chemical Fractionation (% of Element)
| Fuel
Name |
Si:
Water Soluble |
Al:
Water Soluble |
Ti:
Water Soluble |
Fe:
Water Soluble |
Ca:
Water Soluble |
Mg:
Water Soluble |
Na:
Water Soluble |
K:
Water Soluble |
S:
Water Soluble |
P:
Water Soluble |
Si:
Ion Exchangeable |
Al:
Ion Exchangeable |
Ti:
Ion Exchangeable |
Fe:
Ion Exchangeable |
Ca:
Ion Exchangeable |
Mg:
Ion Exchangeable |
Na:
Ion Exchangeable |
K:
Ion Exchangeable |
S:
Ion Exchangeable |
P:
Ion Exchangeable |
Cl:
Ion Exchangeable |
Si:
Acid Soluble |
Al:
Acid Soluble |
Ti:
Acid Soluble |
Fe:
Acid Soluble |
Ca:
Acid Soluble |
Mg:
Acid Soluble |
Na:
Acid Soluble |
K:
Acid Soluble |
S:
Acid Soluble |
P:
Acid Soluble |
Cl:
Acid Soluble |
Si:
Residual |
Al:
Residual |
Ti:
Residual |
Fe:
Residual |
Ca:
Residual |
Mg:
Residual |
Na:
Residual |
K:
Residual |
S:
Residual |
P:
Residual |
Cl:
Residual |
Cl:
Water Soluble |
| Beulah Lignite |
0.00 |
0.05 |
0.00 |
0.18 |
0.03 |
0.00 |
0.34 |
0.26 |
0.44 |
0.29 |
0.00 |
0.05 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.57 |
0.83 |
0.65 |
0.25 |
0.20 |
0.47 |
0.00 |
0.01 |
0.24 |
0.18 |
0.10 |
0.40 |
0.16 |
0.00 |
0.09 |
0.14 |
0.24 |
0.00 |
0.99 |
0.66 |
0.82 |
0.72 |
0.00 |
0.01 |
0.01 |
0.40 |
0.22 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
1.00 |
| Black Thunder |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.15 |
0.08 |
0.01 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.58 |
0.85 |
0.80 |
0.34 |
0.29 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.33 |
0.00 |
0.90 |
0.40 |
0.12 |
0.03 |
0.00 |
0.31 |
1.00 |
0.00 |
1.00 |
0.67 |
1.00 |
0.10 |
0.02 |
0.03 |
0.02 |
0.58 |
0.39 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
1.00 |
| Blind Canyon |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.92 |
0.70 |
0.23 |
0.04 |
0.13 |
0.93 |
0.00 |
0.06 |
0.21 |
0.00 |
0.65 |
0.03 |
0.06 |
0.35 |
0.10 |
0.13 |
0.02 |
0.00 |
0.94 |
0.79 |
1.00 |
0.35 |
0.05 |
0.24 |
0.41 |
0.87 |
0.75 |
0.04 |
0.00 |
1.00 |
| Decker |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.16 |
0.09 |
0.00 |
0.04 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.68 |
0.87 |
0.82 |
0.35 |
0.38 |
0.67 |
0.00 |
0.02 |
0.45 |
0.04 |
0.29 |
0.29 |
0.07 |
0.00 |
0.06 |
0.09 |
0.26 |
0.00 |
0.98 |
0.55 |
0.96 |
0.71 |
0.03 |
0.06 |
0.02 |
0.50 |
0.53 |
0.03 |
0.00 |
1.00 |
| Eagle Butte |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.27 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.50 |
0.86 |
0.70 |
0.43 |
0.16 |
0.15 |
0.00 |
0.01 |
0.63 |
0.08 |
0.81 |
0.49 |
0.13 |
0.01 |
0.14 |
0.52 |
0.83 |
0.00 |
0.99 |
0.37 |
0.92 |
0.19 |
0.01 |
0.01 |
0.02 |
0.43 |
0.32 |
0.02 |
0.00 |
1.00 |
| Eastern Kentucky |
0.00 |
0.03 |
0.15 |
0.13 |
0.04 |
0.05 |
0.45 |
0.01 |
0.02 |
0.30 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.03 |
0.00 |
0.48 |
0.18 |
0.10 |
0.04 |
0.02 |
0.36 |
0.00 |
0.02 |
0.05 |
0.01 |
0.04 |
0.16 |
0.24 |
0.10 |
0.03 |
0.05 |
0.01 |
0.00 |
0.97 |
0.92 |
0.81 |
0.83 |
0.32 |
0.53 |
0.35 |
0.92 |
0.91 |
0.32 |
0.00 |
1.00 |
| Gascoigne Wood Coal |
0.03 |
0.03 |
0.00 |
0.05 |
0.20 |
0.06 |
0.47 |
0.00 |
0.05 |
0.37 |
0.02 |
0.02 |
0.02 |
0.03 |
0.58 |
0.17 |
0.07 |
0.02 |
0.05 |
0.32 |
0.75 |
0.03 |
0.04 |
0.12 |
0.32 |
0.10 |
0.13 |
0.03 |
0.05 |
0.05 |
0.21 |
0.00 |
0.92 |
0.90 |
0.86 |
0.61 |
0.12 |
0.64 |
0.43 |
0.94 |
0.85 |
0.10 |
0.00 |
0.25 |
| Hanna Basin |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.06 |
0.05 |
0.00 |
0.01 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.76 |
0.54 |
0.79 |
0.04 |
0.29 |
0.68 |
0.00 |
0.03 |
0.08 |
0.00 |
0.52 |
0.15 |
0.24 |
0.01 |
0.08 |
0.18 |
0.26 |
0.00 |
0.97 |
0.92 |
1.00 |
0.42 |
0.03 |
0.22 |
0.19 |
0.88 |
0.54 |
0.06 |
0.00 |
1.00 |
| Illinois #6 (1) |
0.00 |
0.06 |
0.02 |
0.19 |
0.85 |
0.14 |
0.44 |
0.01 |
0.18 |
0.85 |
0.00 |
0.01 |
0.01 |
0.00 |
0.08 |
0.02 |
0.43 |
0.06 |
0.01 |
0.08 |
0.00 |
0.03 |
0.05 |
0.02 |
0.05 |
0.01 |
0.11 |
0.02 |
0.05 |
0.14 |
0.02 |
0.00 |
0.97 |
0.88 |
0.95 |
0.76 |
0.07 |
0.72 |
0.11 |
0.87 |
0.67 |
0.05 |
0.00 |
1.00 |
| Illinois #6 (2) |
0.01 |
0.01 |
0.00 |
0.08 |
0.33 |
0.13 |
0.66 |
0.03 |
0.06 |
0.28 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.03 |
0.51 |
0.35 |
0.00 |
0.06 |
0.10 |
0.47 |
0.22 |
0.02 |
0.03 |
0.06 |
0.15 |
0.03 |
0.06 |
0.03 |
0.04 |
0.04 |
0.12 |
0.21 |
0.91 |
0.90 |
0.87 |
0.74 |
0.13 |
0.46 |
0.30 |
0.87 |
0.80 |
0.14 |
0.32 |
0.25 |
| Kentucky #11 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.16 |
0.27 |
0.61 |
0.28 |
0.00 |
0.08 |
0.27 |
0.00 |
0.03 |
0.02 |
0.00 |
0.67 |
0.09 |
0.28 |
0.08 |
0.09 |
0.69 |
0.00 |
0.02 |
0.09 |
0.00 |
0.06 |
0.02 |
0.03 |
0.07 |
0.05 |
0.12 |
0.01 |
0.00 |
0.97 |
0.88 |
0.98 |
0.78 |
0.04 |
0.27 |
0.37 |
0.87 |
0.71 |
0.04 |
0.00 |
1.00 |
| Kentucky #9 |
0.00 |
0.11 |
0.12 |
0.11 |
0.80 |
0.13 |
0.49 |
0.03 |
0.11 |
0.74 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.12 |
0.02 |
0.26 |
0.01 |
0.01 |
0.20 |
0.00 |
0.06 |
0.10 |
0.02 |
0.28 |
0.03 |
0.23 |
0.05 |
0.14 |
0.17 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.93 |
0.79 |
0.86 |
0.62 |
0.05 |
0.62 |
0.20 |
0.82 |
0.71 |
0.05 |
0.00 |
1.00 |
| Pittsburgh #8 (1) |
0.00 |
0.03 |
0.11 |
0.11 |
0.26 |
0.12 |
0.36 |
0.04 |
0.05 |
0.00 |
0.01 |
0.02 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.59 |
0.31 |
0.17 |
0.01 |
0.08 |
0.86 |
0.00 |
0.06 |
0.08 |
0.08 |
0.17 |
0.07 |
0.15 |
0.09 |
0.11 |
0.13 |
0.06 |
0.00 |
0.93 |
0.87 |
0.81 |
0.72 |
0.08 |
0.42 |
0.38 |
0.84 |
0.74 |
0.08 |
0.00 |
1.00 |
| Pittsburgh #8 (2) |
0.00 |
0.01 |
0.00 |
0.01 |
0.30 |
0.00 |
0.23 |
0.00 |
0.03 |
0.40 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.03 |
0.00 |
0.37 |
0.11 |
0.27 |
0.02 |
0.03 |
0.41 |
0.00 |
0.03 |
0.07 |
0.01 |
0.21 |
0.17 |
0.29 |
0.02 |
0.06 |
0.10 |
0.04 |
0.00 |
0.97 |
0.92 |
0.96 |
0.78 |
0.16 |
0.60 |
0.48 |
0.92 |
0.85 |
0.15 |
0.00 |
1.00 |
| Pittsburgh #8 (3) |
0.00 |
0.03 |
0.11 |
0.11 |
0.26 |
0.12 |
0.36 |
0.04 |
0.05 |
0.00 |
0.01 |
0.02 |
|
